All synthetic silicon dioxide (or silica) contains nano particles.
"The wide application of silicon dioxide nanoparticles (SiO2NPs) has raised concerns about their harmful effects on reproduction. The purpose of this research was to investigate the toxic effects and the possible mechanisms by which SiO2NPs affect decidualization and pregnancy progression. We found that SiO2NPs could inhibit decidualization, both in mice and in human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs). Embryo resorption was also evident in mice treated with SiO2NPs. When HESCs were treated with SiO2NPs, decidualization was inhibited and there was an increase in intracellular lysosomes and autophagosomes as well as the blockage of autophagic flux. Interestingly, a reduction of autophagosome accumulation via 3-methyladenine (3MA) significantly restored the decidualization of HESCs. In summary, our results indicate that SiO2NPs can affect embryo survival by impairing decidualization through a dysfunctional autophagic process."
"The wide application of silicon dioxide nanoparticles (SiO2NPs) has raised concerns about their harmful effects on reproduction. The purpose of this research was to investigate the toxic effects and the possible mechanisms by which SiO2NPs affect decidualization and pregnancy progression. We found that SiO2NPs could inhibit decidualization, both in mice and in human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs). Embryo resorption was also evident in mice treated with SiO2NPs. When HESCs were treated with SiO2NPs, decidualization was inhibited and there was an increase in intracellular lysosomes and autophagosomes as well as the blockage of autophagic flux. Interestingly, a reduction of autophagosome accumulation via 3-methyladenine (3MA) significantly restored the decidualization of HESCs. In summary, our results indicate that SiO2NPs can affect embryo survival by impairing decidualization through a dysfunctional autophagic process."
