zarrin77
Member
Should we really be drinking orange juice?
Comparative effect of Citrus sinensis and carbimazole on serum T4, T3 and TSH levels
Article (PDF Available)
Abstract
Background: There are previous independent reports on the anti-thyroid property of Citrus sinensis. This isoflavones and phenolic acid-rich natural agent is widely consumed as dietary supplement, thus the need to investigate its comparative effect with a standard anti-thyroid drug on T4, T3 and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels. Objective: To compare the effect of Citrus sinensis and carbimazole (CARB) on blood levels of thyroid hormones (T4 and T3) and TSH. Materials and methods: Male wistar albino rats weighing 100-150 g were employed in this research. The rats were randomly assigned to four groups of seven rats per group. Group I served as control and were administered distilled water while groups II-IV were administered with 1500 mg/kg of Citrus sinensis (fresh orange juice; FOJ), 0.1 μg/g of levothyroxine (LVT) and 0.01 mg/g of CARB, respectively, per oral once daily for 28 days. The animals were sacrificed under chloroform anaesthesia and blood sample collected by cardiac puncture and processed by standard method to obtain serum. TSH, T4 and T3 were assayed with the serum using ARIA II automated radioimmunoassay instrument. Results: The results showed that TSH level was significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in LVT treated group compared with the FOJ group. T4 was significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in the FOJ and CARB groups compared with the control and LVT groups. LVT significantly increased T4 when compared with FOJ group. T3 was significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in the CARB group compared with the control. Conclusion: These findings suggest that FOJ alters thyroid hormones metabolism to reduce their serum levels with a compensatory elevations of TSH level in a direction similar to CARB.
From the Introduction:
”The phytochemicals like isoflavones found in Citrus sinenesis has anti-peroxidative activity.9 Studies have shown that Citrus sinensis extract significantly decreases the level of serum thyroxine (T4) in rats.10 The anti-thyroidal role of Citrus sinensis might be mediated through the inhibition of thyroid peroxidase (TPO)11 the key enzyme in thyroid hormone biosynthesis, as it contains the phenolic compound naringin, which inhibits the activity of TPO.11-13 Due to its anti-peroxidative activity, Citrus sinensis extract has anti-thyroidal properties, which suggest its potential to ameliorate hyperthyroidism.14”
(Image of results attached)
Supporting Evidence:
The effects of pomegranate juice on pituitary-thyroid axis in adult male rats
—————————————————————————-
However, pineapple juice seems to INCREASE thyroid hormone to a fairly large extent:
Pineapple juice supplementation activates thyroid gland and attenuates hyperlipidemia in rats:
“Supplementation of euthyroid rats with pineapple juice for 8 weeks reduced the body weight and elevated serum T3 and T4 levels, compared to normal controls. While, supplementing hypothyroid rats with the pineapple juice normalized serum levels of T3, free cholesterol and its percentage of esterification, LDL-C, HDL-C, atherogenic index and LCAT activity, as well as serum, heart and hepatic MDA concentration and GPX activity.”
https://www.researchgate.net/public...d_gland_and_attenuates_hyperlipidemia_in_rats
Perhaps we should be more selective about which polyphenols / phytonutrients we are choosing?
Comparative effect of Citrus sinensis and carbimazole on serum T4, T3 and TSH levels
Article (PDF Available)
Abstract
Background: There are previous independent reports on the anti-thyroid property of Citrus sinensis. This isoflavones and phenolic acid-rich natural agent is widely consumed as dietary supplement, thus the need to investigate its comparative effect with a standard anti-thyroid drug on T4, T3 and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels. Objective: To compare the effect of Citrus sinensis and carbimazole (CARB) on blood levels of thyroid hormones (T4 and T3) and TSH. Materials and methods: Male wistar albino rats weighing 100-150 g were employed in this research. The rats were randomly assigned to four groups of seven rats per group. Group I served as control and were administered distilled water while groups II-IV were administered with 1500 mg/kg of Citrus sinensis (fresh orange juice; FOJ), 0.1 μg/g of levothyroxine (LVT) and 0.01 mg/g of CARB, respectively, per oral once daily for 28 days. The animals were sacrificed under chloroform anaesthesia and blood sample collected by cardiac puncture and processed by standard method to obtain serum. TSH, T4 and T3 were assayed with the serum using ARIA II automated radioimmunoassay instrument. Results: The results showed that TSH level was significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in LVT treated group compared with the FOJ group. T4 was significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in the FOJ and CARB groups compared with the control and LVT groups. LVT significantly increased T4 when compared with FOJ group. T3 was significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in the CARB group compared with the control. Conclusion: These findings suggest that FOJ alters thyroid hormones metabolism to reduce their serum levels with a compensatory elevations of TSH level in a direction similar to CARB.
From the Introduction:
”The phytochemicals like isoflavones found in Citrus sinenesis has anti-peroxidative activity.9 Studies have shown that Citrus sinensis extract significantly decreases the level of serum thyroxine (T4) in rats.10 The anti-thyroidal role of Citrus sinensis might be mediated through the inhibition of thyroid peroxidase (TPO)11 the key enzyme in thyroid hormone biosynthesis, as it contains the phenolic compound naringin, which inhibits the activity of TPO.11-13 Due to its anti-peroxidative activity, Citrus sinensis extract has anti-thyroidal properties, which suggest its potential to ameliorate hyperthyroidism.14”
(Image of results attached)
Supporting Evidence:
- POLYPHENOLS FROM CITRUS FRUITS INDUCE STRUCTURAL AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL CHANGES IN THYROIDS OF OLD-AGED MALE WISTAR RATS
- Citrus flavanones mildly interfere with pituitary-thyroid axis in old-aged male rats
- Antithyroid effects of naringin, hesperidin and rutin in L-T-4 induced hyperthyroid rats: Possible mediation through 5 ' DI activity
- Citrus flavanones naringenin and hesperetin induced mild functional alteration in thyroids of old-aged Wistar rats
The effects of pomegranate juice on pituitary-thyroid axis in adult male rats
—————————————————————————-
However, pineapple juice seems to INCREASE thyroid hormone to a fairly large extent:
Pineapple juice supplementation activates thyroid gland and attenuates hyperlipidemia in rats:
“Supplementation of euthyroid rats with pineapple juice for 8 weeks reduced the body weight and elevated serum T3 and T4 levels, compared to normal controls. While, supplementing hypothyroid rats with the pineapple juice normalized serum levels of T3, free cholesterol and its percentage of esterification, LDL-C, HDL-C, atherogenic index and LCAT activity, as well as serum, heart and hepatic MDA concentration and GPX activity.”
https://www.researchgate.net/public...d_gland_and_attenuates_hyperlipidemia_in_rats
Perhaps we should be more selective about which polyphenols / phytonutrients we are choosing?