This post is on vitamin B6 (pyridoxine, or pyridoxal-5-phosphate). This vitamin has a long history of administration in diabetes and hyperglycemic conditions. It is especially effective in combination with vitamin B1 (thiamine), vitamin B2 (riboflavin) and vitamin B7 (biotin). Vitamin B6 doses are in the range of 30mg-1,200mg daily depending on the goal. Glycemic control is improved at the lower doses while the higher ones are used for treating diabetic complications.
1. Pyridoxine / P5P review
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19643063
2. Human studies
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23392542
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22231921
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6862730
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/443288
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21349613
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1131652
"...All patients were treated with vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) 100 mg/day for 14 days by mouth, after which the pyridoxine deficiency disappeared and the oral glucose tolerance improved considerably. Only two patients then had sufficiently impaired glucose tolerance to justify the diagnosis of gestational diabetes."
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11165869
"...Both P 9oyridoxine) and PM (pyridoxamine) significantly lowered lipid peroxidation and glycated hemoglobin (HbA(1)) formation in high glucose-exposed RBC. P and PM significantly prevented the reduction in (Na+ + K+)-ATPase activity in high glucose-treated RBC. Thus, P or PM can inhibit oxygen radical production, which in turn prevents the lipid peroxidation, protein glycosylation, and (Na+ + K+)-ATPase activity reduction induced by the hyperglycemia. This study describes a new biochemical mechanism by which P or PM supplementation may delay or inhibit the development of complications in diabetes."
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21034273
"...Pyridoxine, at dosages known to be safe from previous studies (<250 mg/day) can restore migratory ability and shear stress response to endothelial cells cultured in high-glucose conditions. This indicates that pyridoxine is a potential candidate for treatment of diabetic ulcers and atherosclerosis in diabetes due to the link between these pathologies and endothelial dysfunction in diabetes."
3. Animal studies
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23001013
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9729446
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1919802
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21464101
1. Pyridoxine / P5P review
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19643063
2. Human studies
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23392542
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22231921
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6862730
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/443288
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21349613
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1131652
"...All patients were treated with vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) 100 mg/day for 14 days by mouth, after which the pyridoxine deficiency disappeared and the oral glucose tolerance improved considerably. Only two patients then had sufficiently impaired glucose tolerance to justify the diagnosis of gestational diabetes."
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11165869
"...Both P 9oyridoxine) and PM (pyridoxamine) significantly lowered lipid peroxidation and glycated hemoglobin (HbA(1)) formation in high glucose-exposed RBC. P and PM significantly prevented the reduction in (Na+ + K+)-ATPase activity in high glucose-treated RBC. Thus, P or PM can inhibit oxygen radical production, which in turn prevents the lipid peroxidation, protein glycosylation, and (Na+ + K+)-ATPase activity reduction induced by the hyperglycemia. This study describes a new biochemical mechanism by which P or PM supplementation may delay or inhibit the development of complications in diabetes."
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21034273
"...Pyridoxine, at dosages known to be safe from previous studies (<250 mg/day) can restore migratory ability and shear stress response to endothelial cells cultured in high-glucose conditions. This indicates that pyridoxine is a potential candidate for treatment of diabetic ulcers and atherosclerosis in diabetes due to the link between these pathologies and endothelial dysfunction in diabetes."
3. Animal studies
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23001013
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9729446
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1919802
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21464101