@haidut
Have you considered carrying Queuine?
Queuine Micronutrient Deficiency Promotes Warburg Metabolism and Reversal of the Mitochondrial ATP Synthase in Hela Cells
Queuine is a eukaryotic micronutrient, derived exclusively from eubacteria. It is incorporated into both cytosolic and mitochondrial transfer RNA to generate a queuosine nucleotide at position 34 of the anticodon loop. The transfer RNA of primary tumors ...www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
theres a wild study, a related compound with same target (TGT enzyme) showed a full cure of multiple sclerosis in 5 doses by ~ 10 days. 30 mg/kg mice once daily. In vivo modification of tRNA with an artificial nucleobase leads to full disease remission in an animal model of multiple sclerosis
(but some toxicity / antiproliferative effects , lowers the excess t cell replication & activation but not broadly unselectively)
when they used queuine 30 mg / kg i.p it didnt have such a profound effect . but had positive results
View: https://www.reddit.com/r/Microbiome/comments/zoivr0/comment/j0ojup2/?utm_source=reddit&utm_medium=web2x&context=3
In EAE and MS, neuronal degeneration is initiated by primed immune cells that originate from the periphery (1,20). Therefore, the effect of 6TG treatment on lymphoid and myeloid populations—including the MS-relevant TH1 and TH17 T cell populations (18)—in the brain and the periphery were investigated.
Intracellular cytokine staining demonstrated a systemic decrease in pathogenic effector TH1, TH17 (Figure (Figure2H),2H), γδ and CD8+ cytotoxic T cells (Supplementary Figure S4A) in both the brain and spleen of treated Qtrt1Gt/Gt mice.
Interestingly, B cells were affected in a similar fashion in the spleen, but not the brain. Importantly, treatment with 6TG alone did not induce general, unselective lymphocyte depletion (lymphocytopenia). Instead, a marginal elevation in the number of immune cells within the periphery and brain of treated naïve mice was observed in some cases. As expected, in untreated, diseased animals there was a significant infiltration of TH1 and TH17 CD4+, CD8+ and γδ T cells into the brain and expanded cell numbers in the spleen. The induction of EAE, and MS in humans, strictly depends on the activation of an innate immune response that contributes to inflammatory cell recruitment, demyelination and the induction of pathogenic TH1 and TH17 cells (18,19). Therefore, the innate immune cell populations of mature macrophages/monocytes (F4/80), myeloid cells (CD11b) and neutrophils (Ly6G) were also examined (Supplementary Figure S4B). In all cases, EAE was associated with infiltration of the brain by these cell types, which was dramatically limited by 6TG treatment.
The experimental data show that both NPPDAG and 6TG act through the eukaryotic TGT pathway to systemically limit the number and activity of encephalitogenic effector and memory T cells without suppressing the naïve T cell population below control levels or compromising their ability to respond to a proliferative stimulus.
Administration of a de novo designed eukaryotic TGT substrate (NPPDAG) led to an unprecedented complete reversal of clinical symptoms and a dramatic reduction of markers associated with immune hyperactivation and neuronal damage after five daily doses.
the therapeutic effect unambiguously hinges on the eukaryotic TGT enzyme; as the compound is inactive in organisms deficient in TGT activity. What appears certain however, is that the exploitation of TGT—an enzyme long thought to be of marginal physiological impact—to modify tRNA is a promising avenue of investigation for the treatment of autoimmune disease.
coconut water & (organic) wheat germ main food sources for milligram amounts,
Deficiency impairs ability to produce tyrosine from phenylalanine (so dopamine dysfunction, & might be a cause behind Phenylketonuria?) http://www.tara.tcd.ie/bitstream/handle/2262/64120/Queuosine deficiency in eukaryotes compromises tyrosine production through increased tetrahydrobiopterin oxidation.pdf
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